Artificial Intelligence and Intraoperative Imaging in Hepatobiliary Surgery: Current Advances, Clinical Applications, and Future Perspectives for Precision Surgical Navigation
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.64784/222Palabras clave:
Artificial intelligence, hepatobiliary surgery, intraoperative navigation, radiological imaging, machine learning, deep learning, robotic surgery, fluorescence-guided surgery, augmented reality, liver surgery, surgical planning, precision surgery, image-guided surgery, computer vision, digital health.Resumen
Hepatobiliary surgery remains one of the most technically demanding areas of modern surgical practice due to the complexity of hepatic and biliary anatomy, the need for precise lesion localization, and the risk of major intraoperative complications. In recent years, advances in artificial intelligence (AI), intraoperative imaging, and radiological navigation technologies have introduced new opportunities to improve surgical planning, procedural accuracy, and patient safety. This review analyzes the current evidence regarding the integration of AI-assisted technologies and intraoperative radiological navigation in hepatobiliary surgery. A narrative literature review was conducted using scientific publications retrieved from major international databases, including PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, SpringerLink, Wiley Online Library, and Google Scholar. The reviewed literature demonstrated a substantial increase in research activity during the last decade, particularly in areas involving machine learning, deep learning, computer vision, three-dimensional reconstruction, fluorescence-guided imaging, augmented reality, robotic-assisted surgery, and intelligent navigation systems. The findings indicate that these technologies contribute to improved preoperative planning, enhanced anatomical visualization, greater intraoperative precision, and more effective decision-making. Furthermore, increasing integration among artificial intelligence platforms, advanced imaging modalities, and robotic technologies suggests the emergence of comprehensive digital surgical ecosystems designed to support precision surgery. Although challenges related to implementation costs, technological accessibility, infrastructure, and clinical validation remain, current evidence supports the growing incorporation of these innovations into hepatobiliary surgical practice. Continued research and international collaboration will be essential for optimizing their clinical application and expanding access to advanced surgical technologies worldwide.
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