GLP-1 Receptor Agonists in Heart Failure and Cardiometabolic Disease: Emerging Evidence for Integrated Cardiovascular and Metabolic Care Across the Americas
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.64784/226Palabras clave:
GLP-1 receptor agonists, heart failure, cardiometabolic risk, obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, semaglutide, liraglutide, HFpEF, cardiovascular outcomes, cardiorenal protection, AmericasResumen
Cardiometabolic diseases, including obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, and heart failure, represent a growing public health challenge throughout the Americas. The increasing prevalence of these conditions has generated interest in therapeutic strategies capable of simultaneously addressing multiple interconnected risk factors. This review aimed to analyze the current scientific evidence regarding the impact of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) on heart failure and cardiometabolic risk. A structured literature review based on the Scientific Method was conducted using information obtained from PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, Cochrane Library, and major international clinical guidelines. Evidence from randomized controlled trials, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and cardiovascular outcome studies was critically evaluated and synthesized. The findings demonstrated that GLP-1 receptor agonists consistently reduce major adverse cardiovascular events, promote significant body weight reduction, improve glycemic control, and contribute to favorable cardiometabolic outcomes. Recent studies also reported improvements in symptoms, functional capacity, and quality of life among patients with obesity-related heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. Additionally, emerging evidence suggests beneficial cardiorenal effects that further support their role within the cardiorenal-metabolic continuum. The clinical relevance of these findings is particularly important for countries such as Mexico, Colombia, and Ecuador, where obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease continue to increase. In conclusion, GLP-1 receptor agonists represent an important advancement in contemporary cardiometabolic medicine and may contribute significantly to integrated prevention and management strategies aimed at reducing cardiovascular and metabolic disease burden across the Americas.
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